The WHO graphic states nicotine’s addictive potential “is comparable to those of opioids LIKE HEROIN.”
That comparison is not precise science.
Nicotine acts on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as a stimulant, reinforcing dopamine release without strong sedation or respiratory depression. Heroin is a full opioid agonist that produces intense euphoria, profound sedation, rapid tolerance, severe physical dependence, and high overdose mortality.
Nicotine withdrawal involves irritability and cravings but is rarely life-threatening. Heroin withdrawal is intensely uncomfortable and medically managed in severe cases.
Most tobacco harm comes from combustion byproducts (tar, carbon monoxide, carcinogens), not nicotine. Nicotine replacement therapies and non-combustible products carry substantially lower risk profiles.
Lumping mechanisms and risk levels this way oversimplifies pharmacology and public health distinctions.