Please note: my arguments for a connection between the level of thiamine sufficiency or deficiency in the body and outcome following COVID infection are my unqualified speculations, based on the work of Drs Derrick Lonsdale and Chandler Marrs at hormonesmatter.com/

Distinct metabolic programs established in the thymus control effector functions of γδ T cell subsets in tumor microenvironments pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/article…

Developmental programming of effector gamma-delta T cell subsets by Dr. Bruno Silva Santos youtu.be/b04wbZ4-6x8?si=Mfgb…

Could the real trigger for Long COVID POTS be the immune system mistaking your own cells for the enemy? A new preprint makes the case that monocyte oxidative stress - not lingering virus - keeps the immune system switched on. Vanderbilt, 25 patients vs 15 recovered. 🧵

1/ Long COVID research often identifies abnormalities. Fewer studies identify a plausible mechanism linking those abnormalities together. This new preprint in Long COVID-associated POTS proposes one such pathway: Monocyte oxidative stress → lipid peroxidation → IsoLG-adduct formation → T-cell activation → persistent inflammatory signaling. The study found increased monocyte oxidative stress, elevated IsoLG-modified proteins, expanded T-cell–monocyte immune complexes, and higher inflammatory cytokine production in Long COVID POTS patients compared with recovered COVID controls. Importantly, these findings correlated with symptom burden and autonomic dysfunction. This does not prove causation. But it does provide a biologically coherent model that can now be experimentally tested. That is how progress happens: not by finding “the cause” of Long COVID, but by identifying specific, testable disease mechanisms that may apply to subsets of patients.

You might like to check out the Hormones Matter website - search for thiamine - see my pinned tweet thread.

Beriberi is caused by a lack of thiamine (vitamin B1). It primarily damages the heart & nervous system leading to two main forms: wet beriberi (affects the cardiovascular system causing heart failure) & dry beriberi (affects the nerves, causing muscle weakness and paralysis).

I would say this is evidence of a general shift from aerobic to anerobic metabolism, as was found here: x.com/boretrol/status/138157…

A multi-omics paper on long COVID in Frontiers in Immunology deserves more attention than it got. The through-line is uncomfortable - the cellular power supply stays switched off long after the acute phase is over.🧵

Multi-omics analysis of long COVID (post-COVID-19 condition) reveals persistent mitochondrial dysfunction, suppressed oxidative phosphorylation, and immune dysregulation frontiersin.org/journals/imm…

May be of interest: x.com/boretrol/status/142240…

No. What he describes is the switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis as the primary fuel source in affected cells. This was the subject of my "A Tale of Two Proteins" thread. This same switch can occur in immune cells, likely behind this finding of autoantibodies.

Here's her @DrIzabellaWentz article on the subject: x.com/boretrol/status/206574…

Interestingly I tweeted about this just before. Did what she ate bring about a state of thiamine deficency? @femalelongevity @DrIzabellaWentz: x.com/boretrol/status/206564…

The Missing Link to Thyroid Fatigue thyroidpharmacist.com/articl…

Dr. Izabella Wentz's autoimmune disease began with a late-night cup of ramen. In pharmacy school, studying late, she emptied restaurant soy-sauce packets into microwaved noodles and dug in. "this is the best meal ever." Hours later she woke with diarrhea so bad she missed her exam. A doctor gave her a label, IBS, and a pill that blurred her vision. Then the dominoes fell, anxiety, panic attacks, hair loss, carpal tunnel, acid reflux, and finally an autoimmune thyroid diagnosis. A pharmacist by training, she now sees that meal as the first crack in a body already under strain. The pill calmed the diarrhea and bought her years of silence while the real damage spread. — Dr. Izabella Wentz (.@DrIzabellaWentz) on Kayle Barnes-Lentz's (.@femalelongevity) podcast

1/ The #1 supplement many people with sleep apnea may be missing? Vitamin B1. Thiamine. And this gets way more interesting once you understand what sleep apnea does to the brain.

If you are extremely tired all day, consider supplementing vitamin B1 600mg/day of B1 in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, led to partial or complete regression of the fatigue and related disorders within a few hours Thiamine also prevents bad symptoms of hypermetabolism, such as the rapid action of the heart, nervousness and digestive disturbances, during thyroid treatment

All right, this one surprised even me when I first started researching it. Some of the same brain areas involved in breathing control can physically shrink in people with untreated sleep apnea. And one nutrient heavily tied to protecting cellular energy there? Vitamin B1. The reason is pretty simple: low oxygen burns through energy fast. Thiamine helps your mitochondria keep up with demand. Pay attention to whether your diet actually contains meaningful B1 sources like beef, pork...

Blood vessels rely on smooth muscle for their proper function. It seems to me improper muscle function could be involved here. By a curious coincidence, I was just tweeting about this: x.com/boretrol/status/206559…