Are humanoids the future or just another bubble?
It could be both.
AI task completion is doubling every 7 months. Costs keep falling. By 2050, we're looking at tens of millions of humanoids globally, possibly hundreds of millions.
Global labor is sized in the tens of trillions. If embodied AI expands that TAM by an order of magnitude, the capital will come. This is shaping up to be one of the largest investment cycles in history. But most of the real growth doesn't hit until the mid 2030s.
Leading AI researchers still haven't cracked multimodal reasoning, let alone embodied intelligence. Robotics data is scarce, the best models are too large to run on device, and the hands still lack dexterity for many use cases. Components remain expensive and scaling production will take years.
The explosion in valuations and successive funding rounds could be signs to be wary. Figure AI is rumored to have raised at around $39B. AgiBot in China with comparable capabilities, sits at roughly $1.5B.
Tesla is worth 3 to 4x the entire Chinese EV industry, yet China leads on cost and volume and keeps taking global share. That dynamic is likely to repeat in robotics. China's manufacturing depth, dense supplier networks, and approach to competition give them structural advantages as the industry matures.
In the near term, hardware captures more value than software. Sensors, motors, transmissions, and actuators make up the bulk of the profit pool through 2040. Each humanoid needs over 40 joints and actuators, and capacity is supply constrained and geographically concentrated.
The areas to watch include tactile sensors, roller screws and reducers, edge inference, fleet orchestration, and the race for a true robot operating system.