We keep debating whether the capital gains tax rate should be 10%, 12.5%, or 20%.
But we are arguing about the wrong number.
The moment the indexation benefit was removed, the tax rate written in the law stopped being the real rate. The real rate now goes up quietly every year with inflation. Let us look at the math:
You invest: ₹10 lakh.
The timeline: You hold it for 20 years while inflation runs at 6%.
The reality: To buy the exact same things today, your ₹10 lakh needs to become ₹32 lakh.
Your real profit is negligible. Your money buys exactly what it did two decades ago.
But on paper, the system sees a ₹22 lakh gain. And you will pay a 12.5% tax on it. That is a tax on a profit that does not exist. You are literally paying a tax on inflation.
The biggest problem? The longer you stay invested, the more you get taxed on the passage of time rather than actual growth. The intent is to reward long-term investors. But without indexation, the effect is opposite - the longer you hold, the more you are taxed on money you never actually made.
We see this every ITR season with property and gold held for decades. People face massive tax bills that have nothing to do with their actual returns.
We aren't overtaxing real wealth. We are taxing money that lost its value while the investor waited.