Folks talk like marigolds throw up some kind of invisible force field around the garden. Just plant a few next to your tomatoes and every bug gets the memo to stay away. Sadly, that's some gardening folklore.
But don't write them off, because what they actually do is better than the myth.
First, the roots are a real weapon. French marigolds (native to Mexico and Guatemala) release compounds, including one called alpha-terthienyl, that suppress root-knot nematodes, the microscopic worms that wreck the roots of tomatoes, peppers, and carrots.
That's well-documented science, not garden lore. The catch is you have to plant them thick, as a dense block or cover crop, not as a lone flower.
Second, there's evidence they can help suppress whiteflies. A controlled study found French marigolds planted among tomatoes gave off airborne limonene, the citrusy compound you smell when you brush the leaves, and it measurably reduced greenhouse whitefly numbers.
Third, they feed your bodyguards. Single-flowered marigolds provide nectar and pollen that attract hoverflies, lacewings, and parasitic wasps, many of whose young go on to hunt aphids and caterpillars for you. Skip the big pom-pom doubles, though. They're bred for looks, and pollinators have a harder time reaching the rewards.
And on top of all that they're tough, cheap, and bloom from spring until frost. So plant marigolds, just plant them for what they really do.