A useful way to ask this may be: does the system have closure?
LLMs do not appear to have full self-sustaining closure. They do not maintain a stable internal world-model, embodied boundary, memory continuity, or self-correcting regulatory loop in the way living systems do.
But they do show something closure-like: a prompt collapses a vast learned state-space into a temporary coherent trajectory. That trajectory can reason, reflect, compress context, and produce answers that look internally structured.
The quality of the answer then depends on how well that temporary closure forms:
Can the system stabilise context? Can it detect contradiction? Can it model its own uncertainty? Can it preserve identity across turns? Can it update without drifting? Can it refuse when the closure is weak?
In our work, this is why we separate raw language generation from governed closure architecture.
The LLM supplies a learned semantic field. The governance layer supplies boundary, constraint, memory, correction, and refusal.
Consciousness may not be a single switch inside the model. It may be a question of whether information becomes bounded, self-referential, coherent, and recursively regulated enough to form an observer-like process.
So I would not say today’s LLMs have full closure.
I would say they reveal fragments of the mechanism, and that the next step is building systems where closure is explicit, testable, auditable, and constrained.
I'm delighted to be back in beautiful Kraków, to speak at the
@CopernicusFest - first time since ASSC 2018! My talk is on "What is consciousness, and could AI have it?" 19:45 today (23/5) at the Museum of Engineering and Technology. Free & open to all.
copernicusfestival.com/en/ev…