ALT This is the first time that the detailed costs of an individual clinical trial have been publicly shared, challenging the lack of transparency around drug research and development (R&D).

ALT "In showing by doing, we aim to demonstrate that transparency in R&D spending can and must be done; it is critical to determine fair prices of medical products, equitable access, and public accountability." Dr Bern-Thomas Nyang'wa Medical Director MSF Netherlands

ALT "Time and time again, we have seen the high prices of medical products justified based on the high costs of R&D– but these are kept secret by the pharmaceutical industry, leaving pricing decisions lacking in evidence." Dr Bern-Thomas Nyang'wa Medical Director MSF Netherlands

ALT CALL FOR TRANSPARENCY We urge all funders and implementers of clinical trials — and R&D more broadly — to publicly disclose their costs, which is essential for governments, policymakers, researchers, activists, and affected communities to determine affordable prices and ensure equitable access.