This is why proportional representation is the solution that makes sense. Every vote matters in November under proportional representation.
Is voter trust higher in the 3/4 of states where independents can ALREADY VOTE in primaries?
Not sure bipartisanship matters as much as people feeling they have a real choice when they vote.
Closed primaries, when there is no real competition in the general, disenfranchise well over half of voters. I'd also be interested in any relationship between that situation and voter trust.
(Note that I'm not disputing the point here, I'm offering a different argument for ditching closed primaries.)