#Damodarah – दामोदरः
(SVSN sloka #40 – Naama #367)
Sri Vishnu Sahasranama Bhashya Series...
The name दामोदरः (Dāmodarah), which appears as the 367th name in the Sri Vishnu Sahasranama, is far more than a simple title; it is a profound intersection of divine play (leela) and ultimate truth (tattva). As one of the holy Chaturvimshati Kesavaadi Rupas (the 24 primary forms of Lord Vishnu), and serving as the Maasa Niyaamaka (presiding deity) for the auspicious month of Kartika, this sacred name beautifully bridges the sweet devotion of Lord Krishna’s childhood pastimes with the majestic realization of His supreme cosmic independence.
dAmoDaRo hAriH…
DaAmodara is one of the most prominent names used to refer to Lord Sri Krishna. It is a profound name rich in both endearing childhood pastimes (leelas) and deep, multidimensional philosophical truths.
The name DaAmodara is a combination of two words: DaAma (rope) and Udara (belly). Literally, it means "the one who was tied with a rope around his belly."
We find the primary scriptural references to this name across multiple ancient texts:
• SriMadh Bhagavatham (10th Canto): Records the playful childhood episode where His foster mother Yasoda attempts to bind Him with a rope. In this episode, Lord Sri Krishna (Daamodara) crawls and drags a heavy wooden grinding mortar (Ukhala) between two trees, liberating Nalakubera and Manigreeva—the two sons of Kubera—from the curse of sage Narada.
• Vishnu Purana: Sage Vyasa explicitly documents this naming ceremony, noting that He was called Damodara precisely because of the rope tied around his waist by Yasoda.
• Mahabharata (Udyoga Parva): Sage Sanatsujata explains to King Dhritarashtra that the Lord is called Damodara because His supreme bliss is known through internal self-restraint.
Deep Philosophical and Cosmic Meanings
Beyond the historical pastime, the word "DaAma" holds deeper spiritual and esoteric definitions:
1. The Cosmic Abode: DaAma also means an abode or residence. In a supreme spiritual sense, DaAmodara means "the one whose abdomen is the abode for the entire universe." During the cosmic dissolution (Pralaya), the entire cosmos rests safely inside His belly.
2. The Rope of Samsara: DaAmodara is the Supreme God Hari Sarvottama. He is the ultimate savior who can untie the spiritual "rope" of Samsara (the cycle of births and deaths) and liberate bound souls.
3. The Power of Self-Control (Dama): Philosophically, Dama refers to the control of the mind and senses. Damodara is the one who is attained by a mind purified through rigorous self-control. The syllable Da represents Damyata (control yourselves).
4. Bound by Love: The physical rope used by Yasoda symbolizes human ego and affection. It highlights a beautiful theological paradox: the infinite, boundless Supreme Being allows Himself to be bound only by the pure, unadulterated devotion (Bhakti) of His devotees.
Astronomical and Liturgical Context
• Maasa Niyaamaka: Damodara-naamaka Paramaatma is the presiding deity (Maasa Niyaamaka) for the highly auspicious Karthiika Maasa.
• Chaturmaasa Forms: Sridhara, Hrishikesha, Padmanabha, and Damodara are the four divine presiding forms of the Lord designated for the four sacred months of Chaturmaasa.
Haridasa Sahitya
This deep philosophical need to overcome the senses and connect with Damodara is beautifully captured by Sri Kanaka Dasaru in Haridasa literature:
kAma krOdha biDisi ninna nAma jihveyoLage nuDiso |
shrii mahAnubhAvanAda dAmOdarA ||
ಕಾಮಕ್ರೋಧ ಬಿಡಿಸಿ ನಿನ್ನ | ನಾಮ ಜಿಹ್ವೆಯೊಳಗೆ ನುಡಿಸು ||
ಶ್ರೀಮಹಾನುಭಾವನಾದ ದಾಮೋದರ ||
"O great DaAmodara, free me from desire and anger (the internal enemies). Inspire me to always recite your divine name upon my tongue."
Ultimately, the sacred name Dāmodarah reminds us that the infinite Supreme Being, who holds the entire cosmos securely within His belly and commands the very ropes of our liberation, willingly submits to be bound by nothing other than the pure, unadulterated love (Bhakti) of His devotees. May He untie our internal knots of desire and anger, and forever rest upon our tongues.
Sri Kartika Damodara Stotram
It is an exceptionally beautiful and powerful hymn chanted specifically during the auspicious Kartika Masa.
Found in the Pancharatra Agama within a dialogue between Hamsa and Brahma, this stotram is deeply cherished within the Madhva tradition. It is unique because it masterfully weaves the playful childhood leelas of Lord Krishna with the majestic spans of the Dashavatara (the ten avatars of Vishnu).
The stotram generally comprises 12 verses packed with dynamic name-salutations (Jaya-Bho):
• The Avatara Cycle: It transitions smoothly from the early incarnations like Matsya, Kurma, and Varaha directly into Narasimha, Vamana, and Parashurama.
• The Glories of Krishna: It places heavy emphasis on Krishna's local pastimes—mentioning the breaking of the twin Yamalarjuna trees (Yamalārjuna-bhanjana), the humbling of the Kaliya serpent, and protecting Draupadi (Pānchālī-paripālana).
• The Bound Lord: It explicitly recalls how the master of the universe allowed Himself to be bound by a simple mother's rope (Jaya jananī-kara-pāśa-subaddha).
Traditional Practice and Benefits
According to the text's Phalashruti (verses detailing benefits):
• Devotees traditionally recite this stotram in the early morning hours (Arunodaya) while performing a Deepa-Dana (lighting a lamp) before the Lord during Kartika.
• Scriptural guidelines note that chanting this hymn, particularly on the 13th and 14th lunar days (Trayodashi and Chaturdashi) of the month, cleanses sins and liberates souls from hellish worlds.
श्री कृष्णार्पणमस्तु
नाहं कर्ता हरिः कर्ता - हरिः कर्ता हि केवलम्
हरी सर्वोत्तम - वायू जीवोत्तम
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