If you’re interested in the cutting edge of longevity science, you need to follow@GerontologyMike , who is a heavyweight gerontologist who founded Geron (where human telomerase was first explored), has just launched a 10-part series on age reversal by genomic reprogramming.
It’s called “transcriptional reprogramming,” also known as partial/epigenetic reprogramming or iTR. The goal? Take the “immortality” of the germline (the continuous sperm/egg lineage that’s been going for billions of years) and transfer that regenerative capacity back into the mortal cells of our bodies.
The germ-line, the lineage of sperm and egg , is effectively deathless. It has been replicating, without interruption, since the first spark of life on Earth billions of years ago. Every human alive today carries cells whose direct ancestors have never died. The soma (the body we actually experience as “us”) is the disposable vessel that evolution built around that immortal line.
Weismann’s “somatic restriction” was was the price the individual pays so that the species can continue.
Death, in this view, is not an accident of biology. It is biology’s elegant solution to the problem of perpetual existence.
West’s research asks the radical question: What if we refuse that trade-off?
By transferring the regenerative, “immortal” program of the germline back into somatic cells through reprogramming, we are essentially attempting to rewrite the evolutionary contract. We are telling the body: you no longer have to be disposable. The philosophical shock is that the very category of “mortal being” may be a historical contingency rather than a necessity.
This raises deeper questions:
• If the self we cherish is the product of a mortal soma, does radically extending or resetting that soma change the nature of the self? ( probably )
• Does the urgency of finitude , the knowledge that our time is limited , give life its depth, or is that simply the rationalisation of a biological limitation we are now learning to overcome?
• And perhaps most profoundly: for billions of years life has propagated itself by sacrificing the individual to the lineage. What does it mean for a conscious species to say, for the first time, “We choose both”?
It’s subject 100% of folk have a direct interest in.
In this, the first of 10 posts on age reversal by genomic reprogramming, I begin where the story really needs to begin; namely, the insights of the German naturalist August Weismann. Weismann proposed the term “immortality” to describe the unceasing lineage of cells called the “germ line” that perpetuates the species (that is sperm and egg that make babies that make sperm and egg that make babies, ad infinitum…). Weismann theorized that cells that make up the body (somatic cells) lost that capacity for immortal regeneration, a phenomenon I call “somatic restriction.” He stated “Death takes place because a worn-out tissue cannot forever renew itself, and because a capacity for increase by means of cell division is not everlasting, but finite [in the soma].” If you think about it, this means that the cells that we are made of (trillions of them) have no dead ancestors. Tracing them back in time, the ancestors of the cells that make us “us” have been proliferating since the first dawn of life on Earth, some billions of years ago. They will abruptly die in a few decades in us. The question we began to ask nearly a century after Weismann was, “can we transfer the capacity of immortal renewal characteristic of the germ line cells into our body, into the soma.” In the next post I will describe the first of such steps that led to the modern technology of immortality transfer.