Our final
#TreeCheckMonth feature is the real life very hungry caterpillar. š The spongy moth (Lymantria dispar), formerly known as gypsy moth, originated in Europe and has been one of the most destructive defoliators of deciduous forests in the northeastern U.S. and southeastern Canada. The caterpillars feed on the leaves of more than 300 species of trees and shrubs, eventually killing them. ā
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Although egg masses and isolated individuals have been occasionally found in South Carolina, the spongy moth has not established in SC. It ranges from the northeastern states west to Wisconsin and south to Virginia. Isolated populations appear in North Carolina occasionally. Efforts to control it using pesticides and biocontrol have slowed its spread.ā
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The larvae are active from spring until mid-summer. The adults emerge in the late summer and mate, and the females lay their egg masses. ā
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APPEARANCE:ā
-Egg masses (late summer, winter and spring) can be found on trees, stones, patio furniture, childrenās toys and lawn equipment and other outdoor surfaces.ā
-Each egg mass holds up to 1,000 eggs and is covered with yellowish āhair," measuring about 1.5" long and 3/4" wide.ā
-Caterpillars (spring) are black and hairy when newly hatched. As they age, they become mottled yellow to gray color with tufts of bristle-like hairs. They also have a distinctive color pattern along their backs with five pairs of blue dots followed by six pairs of red dots.ā
-Adult male moths (summer) are brown with a darker brown pattern and a 1.5" wingspan. Females are off white and have a 2" wingspan but do not fly. ā
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SYMPTOMS:ā
Severe defoliation in outbreak years can make a forest so bare in the summer that you'd think it's winter. You can hear the caterpillars feeding and the ground will be covered with frass (droppings/debris). You can also hear the frass falling.ā
More info:
scfc.gov/wp-content/uploads/ā¦
aphis.usda.gov/plant-pests-dā¦
Photos courtesy of (via
Bugwood.org):ā
Jon Yuschockā
Daniel Hermsā
Richard Gardnerā
LandesforstprƤsidium Sachsenā
Karla Salp, Washington State Department of Agricultureā
USDA Forest Service