By the way this is how you get into a PhD program. I applied to 6 programs. The 3 I got into (NEU, Duke, and UA) were the ones where I did exactly this for the specific prof at each I was interested in. The 3 I did not get into (UT Austin, Berkeley, MIT) were the ones where I did not do this.
The best people I know at cold emailing will spend two entire days reading every single paper a person has written, and then a third day writing the email itself
I think this is one of the most unconventional advice on cold emailing: be extremely intentional with who you want to reach out to, and seriously put the work to make yourself noticed