Woman of the Day pilot Mona Friedlander, one of the first eight women to join the Air Transport Auxiliary during WW2. She specialised in night flying, having spent nine months in 1939 as a “human target” for anti-aircraft batteries to practise on so they could be ready for enemy aircraft.
Mona’s family was wealthy and she could have sat the war out in comfort but she was bitten by the flying bug at 21 when a friend took her to Brooklands and "gave me a couple of gins and tonics and sent me up in an aeroplane".
Her parents indulged her at first. They funded her flying lessons until she earned her 'B' licence, No. 14599, on 11 November 1936 at Brooklands in a De Havilland DH60 Moth, but they stopped when they realised it wasn’t just a hobby. She wanted to train as a flying instructor. Her mother was horrified. Nice girls didn’t fly professionally. Undeterred, Mona earned the money for tuition fees by trailing aerial advertising banners around the Scottish coast, especially over Aberdeen.
“Some pilots have them attached before they leave the ground, but I always preferred to pick them up after I took off, in the same way as the RAF pick up their messages. It is only a matter of judging your height.”
In early 1939, Mona became a pilot for Air Taxis Ltd of Croydon and when the Government used wartime powers to move the company to Barton Aerodrome, Manchester, she went too. That’s when she became an Army Cooperation Pilot, flying back and forth along a defined route during the hours of darkness so that anti-aircraft gun batteries could practise training their guns on her.
At first, she wasn’t allowed to fly because no wireless operator would fly after dark in all weathers with a woman. Eventually, one reluctantly said that he “didn't mind very much”. When Mona’s competence became clear, others stepped forward.
She had to design her own uniform. She was the only woman “human target” so she designed her own. “It Is not so dark a blue as the men's and I decided not to have too many pockets. Also I chose my own tailor. Otherwise, lt ls just a neat trouser-and-coat affair."
Every night for three or four hours after midnight, month after month without a break, Mona flew up and down a stipulated route — no lights — while anti-aircraft guns searched for her aircraft. Eventually, the War Office granted her a couple of nights off.
“The only thing I can think of doing, now I need not be at the Croydon aerodrome waiting for orders, is to sleep and sleep and sleep."
By the time the ATA was ready to accept women pilots on 1 January 1940, Mona was ready for the ATA test at Filton, Bristol, having already clocked up more than 600 flying hours, well over the minimum requirement of 200 hours.
One of the first intake of women pilots known as the First Eight, Mona was assigned to Pauline Gower’s all-women section. Initially, they were restricted to flying trainer or communications aircraft and paid 20% less than male pilots with the same responsibilities (of course they were!) but as pressure grew for the speedy delivery of replacement aircraft from factory to RAF airfields, Attagirls were allowed to fly any aircraft, and in 1943, awarded the same pay as men.
Mona flew 32 different types of aircraft, including the De Havilland Mosquito and Wellington bombers. She had three accidents but was exonerated each time: the defective undercarriage of an Oxford failed to descend and lock before landing, she made a forced landing in a Lysander when the engine failed, and another forced landing in March 1941 in a Hawker Hind.
She was promoted to First Officer in May 1942, but in October, suffered from carbon monoxide poisoning requiring a prolonged recovery. She resigned from the ATA in February 1943 and became a censor, inspecting press photographs to determine if they revealed secret information.
At its height, 650 ATA pilots delivered aircraft from factories to RAF airfields in all weathers. Of these, 164 were women. They were not honoured for their war service with a medal until 2012, and by then, only 15 of the 164 had survived.
Mona was not one. She died in 1993, aged 79, but her war service stands on its own merits.