Reductionism has been a powerful force for understanding fundamental aspects of complex systems, but its very success has blinded most biologists to its crippling inability to make sense of complex emergent dynamic systems. We have the tools now to noninvasively observe and perturb living cells in their stunning holistic complexity, but the tyranny of reductionism has reserved the most important tool of all, AI, to approaches (e.g., structural biology, genomics, and spatial transcriptomics) ill-suited to their practitioners stated goal of building "virtual cells". It's been very frustrating convincing the gatekeepers of large HPC clusters otherwise.
"We live in a universe of emergent novelty; of a novelty which, as a rule, is not completely reducible to any of the preceding stages."
—Karl Popper, The Open Universe.