Google DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis on the central question of his life: what can humans do that AI never will?
Asked about the limits of artificial intelligence, Hassabis doesn't hesitate to say this is the question that drives him: "Yes, it is."
His starting point is one of his heroes, Alan Turing.
He explains that Turing described theoretical constructs—Turing machines—that underpin all modern computers, machines "that are able to compute anything that's computable… anything that can be described as an algorithm."
The provocative leap comes when Hassabis turns that lens on biology. The AI systems his teams build are Turing machines, and he suspects the brain may be one too:
"A lot of neuroscientists including me think that maybe the brain… a good model for the brain is an approximate Turing machine."
He's careful to note this isn't settled. Some of his peers see it differently, including physicist Roger Penrose:
"Friends of mine like Roger Penrose… believe there might be some quantum effect in the brain."
But Hassabis points to where the evidence currently stands:
"So far neuroscience hasn't found any quantum effects in the brain… people have looked quite carefully and we haven't found any."
His conclusion from that absence is striking. If the brain runs on ordinary computation, then there may be no hard ceiling on what AI can eventually match:
"It looks like most of what's going on in the brain is kind of classical computation… so therefore it's not clear what the limit would be in terms of eventually what an AI system could do and could mimic."
For
@demishassabis, building intelligence is a mirror held up to ourselves, not only a feat of engineering.
He describes the project as a kind of experiment that reveals what we are:
"I think we'll have almost like a control study comparison to the human mind. And then I think we'll see in this journey what are the differences and what's unique about the mind."
He stays genuinely open about what that comparison might expose. Some things, he suspects, may never transfer:
"There could be unique things and certainly unique connections between humans that will never be replicated by these AI systems."
But the capabilities we tend to treat as distinctly human, he believes, are within reach:
"A lot of things that we currently are not in reach, like long-term planning and reasoning and maybe some forms of creativity... I think eventually AI systems will be able to do."