Dr. Abhishek Shukla explained that heart attacks are influenced by both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those we can control or change to reduce our risk. These include smoking or tobacco use, uncontrolled high blood pressure, high cholesterol, physical inactivity, being overweight or obese, an unhealthy diet, poor sleep patterns, chronic stress, and excessive alcohol consumption. Addressing these factors through lifestyle changes and medical management can significantly lower the chances of developing heart disease.
He further discussed that non-modifiable risk factors are those we cannot change but must be aware of to assess our personal risk. These include age (risk increases as we grow older), sex (men generally have a higher risk at a younger age, though women’s risk rises after menopause), family history of heart disease, and race or ethnicity, as certain groups may have a higher predisposition due to genetic and environmental factors. Awareness of these factors helps individuals and doctors plan targeted preventive strategies.
Dr. Abhishek emphasized that prevention is the most effective way to fight heart disease. This includes quitting tobacco, following a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, maintaining regular physical activity, keeping blood pressure and cholesterol under control, managing stress, ensuring adequate sleep, and moderating or avoiding alcohol. Regular health check-ups and early detection of risk factors allow timely intervention, helping prevent heart attacks and improving long-term heart health.
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