France has identified a network of propaganda sites linked to Beijing.
On June 4, Viginum, the French state watchdog against foreign digital interference, revealed the existence of a network of 13 fake news sites linked to CCP-owned state media outlet 🇨🇳 CGTN.
Dubbed "Fawn Mianju" by French intelligence services, this operation was first brought to light in the summer of 2025 by 🇺🇸 Graphika, which identified 11 websites and 16 English-language accounts on social networks such as Facebook, Instagram, Mastodon, Threads, and X, all relentlessly pushing 🇨🇳 CGTN articles, specifically targeting young people. Other sites shared them in French ("Actu Méridien"), Spanish ("Amigo News"), and Vietnamese.
Published primarily between Mar 2015 and Feb 2026, the pseudo-articles posted on "Actu Méridien" unilaterally promoted Chinese aeronautics and AI, China as a leader of the "Global South" and the ecological transition, and the supposed benefits for France of aligning itself with Chinese interests. Another article, published in various languages, criticized a France 2 report on the treatment of Uyghurs in China.
After several months of investigation, Viginum experts were able to establish that these sites, now numbering 13, are directly linked to 🇨🇳 CGTN.
In addition to the fact that the domain names were registered in Beijing and purchased from Alibaba Cloud, it uses a distributed architecture, meaning it is simultaneously duplicated on multiple servers. This more expensive feature, along with the use of paid plugins to improve search engine ranking, points to an actor with significant resources.
By exploring the site's archives and its unindexed subdomains, Viginum experts found a test page modeled after the CGTN website. The administrator of "Actu Méridien" and the other sites inadvertently left a trace of his login credentials and was thus identified. He is an IT specialist working as a "senior project manager" at CGTN Digital, CGTN’s digital arm.
His GitHub page reveals that he’s working on numerous projects exploiting text generation algorithms, LLMs such as ChatGPT, and that he had a digital key that allowed a website to be directly connected to AI to generate semi-automated publications. Since the end of 2025, of the 2,975 articles published on CGTN, 2,307 have reappeared, slightly rewritten, on the "Fawn Mianju" network, often with modifications aimed at a younger audience.
Furthermore, a stylometric analysis showed that the original versions of the articles exhibited a high rate of variation in sentence length and punctuation type, typical of human writing, whereas this rate of variation was reduced by a factor of 2 or 3 on "Actu Méridien" and its English and Spanish-language counterparts. “We can’t prove that a site is AI-generated, but we can establish a body of evidence.”
The average time between the publication of an article on CGTN and its republication on “Actu Méridien” does not exceed 1 hour, regardless of the site or time of day, an indication that the “Fawn Mianju” network was probably directly connected to CGTN to automate article production.
These sites meet two of the essential characteristics of a digital interference operation: secrecy and coordination. Despite several campaigns to buy visibility on Facebook and Threads targeting 89 countries, primarily in French-speaking Africa, they’ve never managed to exceed 15,000 views. 39% of the “likes” for the most liked posts came from people in Burundi, whose sole activity is engaging positively with Chinese pages.
Given the low visibility of these sites and accounts, this operation can be considered an 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗳𝗮𝗶𝗹𝘂𝗿𝗲. Moreover, "Actu Méridien" has been inactive for several months. Nevertheless, these sites demonstrate China is clandestinely pushing its narratives to people in Western countries; it’s using LLM to automate content production; and, finally, it’s targeting young people and French-speaking Africa.
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