While there are those lamenting the (likely temporary) ceasefire in Lebanon, because their fantasy is that Israel is actually capable of destroying Hezbollah, something much more important is taking place.
A framework to stabilize the post-Lebanese environment and address the fate of Hezbollah's weapons is being formulated by a coalition of five countriesโSaudi Arabia, Turkey, Egypt, Qatar, and Pakistan. They do not want Lebanon to enter into peace talks with Israel, precisely because this would exacerbate domestic tensions, undermine their own conditions for normalization with Israel, push Lebanon into an Israeli sphere of influence, and lead to U.S. and Israeli pressure to disarm Hezbollah by force.
This framework, which could encompass Iran if it succeeds, is a much more promising prospect than reliance on a U.S. agenda, formulated with the Israelis and their allies in Washington. Lebanon's priority is to liberate its land and allow the inhabitants of the south to return home. That is why it has to balance two things: embracing the proposal of the coalition of five, but also pursuing negotiations with Israel, which will be required to keep the U.S. on board in order to maintain pressure on Israel. Yet the objective cannot be a Lebanese peace agreement with Israel, but security guarantees and border delineation, accompanied by Lebanese, Arab, and Turkish efforts to persuade the Trump administration that this would be enough to secure Israel's northern border if the Israelis pull out and the Lebanese army is given control of previously occupied areas (the so-called pilot scheme).
Essential to this process is that the inhabitants of the south be allowed to go home. I doubt Israel would accept, but this would affirm how much it does not believe in strengthening the Lebanese state. This, in turn, should show supporters of peace negotiations what kind of peace Israel really seeks to impose on Lebanonโa peace that is a peace only in name and that would certainly violate Lebanese sovereignty.
A second thing that is highly interesting is what happens in the negotiations that will take place in the context of the framework agreement? Can Iran afford not to bring Lebanon into the negotiation, since it has worked so furiously lately to tie the Iran and Lebanon tracks? Worse, if Iran doesn't link Lebanon to its negotiations with the U.S., this will give Israel wider latitude to torpedo the agreement, as the Israelis don't want to see a new U.S.-Iran nuclear accord, given that it is unlikely to be better than the loathed JCPOA.
Yet if the Iranians do discuss Lebanon with the Americans, if they bring it into the mix, they would be doing something they've avoided doing for years, namely negotiating the fate of a key ally, Hezbollah, with the United States. This creates openings for the Americans to demand conditions of their own from the party. If the Lebanese can exploit such dynamics, it would make sense for them to push the coalition plan and widenโyes widenโthe number of parties addressing Hezbollah's arms to include the coalition of five, Iran, and the United States. The myth that Lebanon can resolve the Hezbollah problem without engaging with Iran must be replaced with a more sensible formulaโthat disarming Hezbollah requires a regional understanding. The U.S.-Iran talks provide an opportunity to move in this direction, with the coalition of five plan as the basis for such movement.